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Background and Purpose  This study aimed to construct an animal model of intracranial arterial dolichoectasia (IADE) applying the modified modeling protocol.    Materials and Methods  Twenty five milliunits elastase and inactivated elastase were, respectively, injected into the cerebellomedullary cistern of 60 C57/BL6 mice which were divided into experimental group (EG,  n  = 30) and control group (CG,  n  = 30) by using a computer-based random order generator. The modified modeling protocol clarified these aspects including brain three-dimensional parameters of mouse head fixation, angle of head inclination, fixed position of taper ear, needle holding technique, needle entry depth, prevention of liquid drug back flow, and storage conditions of elastase. And it was observed for the following parts such as mortality, inflammatory factors, craniocerebral arteries scanning, vascular tortuosity index, artery diameter, pathology of the cerebrovascular.    Results  Within differently surveyed stage, the total mortality of mice in EG was 20%. ELISA illustrated that the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in peripheral blood were increased significantly after modeling. Angiography indicated that 100% of IADE in EG were observed and the diameter and tortuosity index of the basilar artery were significantly increased ( P  &amp;lt; 0.01). EVG histological processing and staining showed the disrupted internal elastic lamina, the atrophied muscle layer, and the hyalinized connective tissue of the basilar artery with the vascular wall tunica media in EG. Micro-computed tomography reported that the craniocerebral arteries of the mice in EG were outstandingly elongated, tortuous, and dilated.    Conclusion  The modified modeling protocol can reduce the mortality, improve the success rate, and provide a stable animal model for IADE.

Modified Protocol for Establishment of Intracranial Arterial Dolichoectasia Model by Injection of Elastase Into Cerebellomedullary Cistern in Mice