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Background  The fusion of PET metabolic images and CT anatomical images can simultaneously display the metabolic activity and anatomical position, which plays an indispensable role in the staging diagnosis and accurate positioning of lung cancer.    Methods  In order to improve the information of PET-CT fusion image, this article proposes a PET-CT fusion method  via  Siamese Pyramid Fusion Network (SPFN). In this method, feature pyramid transformation is introduced to the siamese convolution neural network to extract multi-scale information of the image. In the design of the objective function, this article considers the nature of image fusion problem, utilizes the image structure similarity as the objective function and introduces L1 regularization to improve the quality of the image.    Results  The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by more than 700 pairs of PET-CT images and elaborate experimental design. The visual fidelity after fusion reaches 0.350, the information entropy reaches 0.076.    Conclusion  The quantitative and qualitative results proved that the proposed PET-CT fusion method has some advantages. In addition, the results show that PET-CT fusion image can improve the ability of staging diagnosis compared with single modal image.

PET and CT Image Fusion of Lung Cancer With Siamese Pyramid Fusion Network