English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

In mammals, the mutation of nipped-B-like protein (nipbl) leads to Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS), characterized by low birth weight, short stature, and structural abnormalities of the skeleton, heart, and gut. In Chinese tongue sole ( Cynoglossus semilaevis ), a typical marine fish exhibiting sexual size dimorphism, the  nipbl  homolog gene (nipped-B-like protein A (nipbla)) was also screened with female higher expression level by somatotropic and reproductive tissues’ transcriptomic analysis. In this study, two nipbla genes, namely,  nipbla-w  and  nipbla-z , were identified from the W and Z chromosomes of  C. semilaevis , respectively. Similar to other mammalian and fish species nipbl, the two homolog proteins of  C. semilaevis  contained two conserved domains, namely, cohesion_HEAT and Nipped-B_C. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that these two nipbla gametolog proteins were first clustered together and then grouped with other fish species. At least two types of alternative splicing sites were observed in exon 12 of the  nipbla-z  gene, which produced  nipbla-z-tv1  and  nipbla-z-tv2 . Also, the sex-biased expression patterns of different  nipbla-w  and  nipbla-z  transcripts in female and male tissues were revealed by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The highest expression level of  nipbla-w  was observed in female gonad. While  nipbla-z-tv1  exhibited relatively high expression in the muscle, liver, gonad, and brain,  nipbla-z-tv2  only showed its expression superiority in the muscle of male individuals. The promoter regions of  nipbla  genes were amplified, and their transcription activity was successfully verified by a dual-luciferase reporter system. After  nipbla-w  and  nipbla-z  knockdown in the brain cell lines by RNA interference, a series of growth-related genes were influenced, including Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 ( bmp4 ), Wnt Family Member 11 ( wnt11 ), and Sprouty Related EVH1 Domain Containing 2 ( spred2 ). The prediction of transcription factors suggested that c-Jun, sex-determining region Y (SRY), POU Class 1 Homeobox 1 (POU1F1a), myogenic differentiation antigen (MyoD), signal transducer and activator of transcription 5a (STAT5A), and nuclear factor I C (Nfic) might be the putative upstream regulatory factors for  nipbla ; among them, c-Jun has been verified to effectively regulate the transcriptional activity of  nipbla . The identification of two  nipbla  genes provided important data for interpreting the sexual size dimorphism in  C. semilaevis.

frontiers in marine science

Two Nipped-B-Like Protein A (Nipbla) Gametologs in Chinese Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis): The Identification of Alternative Splicing, Expression Pattern, and Promoter Activity Analysis