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Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) is a crucial enzyme involved in tyrosine biosynthesis, having roles in neurological and physiological processes. The purpose of PAH has received little attention in crustaceans despite extensive investigations in other arthropods. Here, we characterize the  PAH  gene for the first time in the parasite  Lepeophtheirus salmonis , a copepod that is responsible for huge economic losses in salmonid fish farming. Phylogenetic and sequence analyses confirmed that  LsPAH  is closely related to the metazoan  PAH  with conserved ACT regulatory and catalytic domains. Temporal expression patterns revealed that  LsPAH  is expressed throughout all developmental stages peaking during the copepodite stages, suggesting an essential role in developmental physiology. We used RNAi to knockdown  LsPAH  expression in the nauplius I stage to study developmental function during the larval stages.  PAH  knockdown impaired larval development, molting and swimming ability with severe morphological defects. This study provides insight into the role of  PAH  in copepods and demonstrates the importance of this metabolic gene in salmon louse growth and development.

Phenylalanine Hydroxylase RNAi Knockdown Negatively Affects Larval Development, Molting and Swimming Performance of Salmon Lice