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The human virome is a critical component of the human microbiome, and it is believed to hold the richest diversity within human microbiomes. Yet, the inter-individual scaling (changes) of the human virome has not been formally investigated to the best of our knowledge. Here we fill the gap by applying diversity-area relationship (DAR) modeling (a recent extension to the classic species-area law in biodiversity and biogeography research) for analyzing four large datasets of the human virome with three DAR profiles: DAR scaling ( z )—measuring the inter-individual heterogeneity in virome diversity,  MAD  (maximal accrual diversity:  D   max  ) and  LGD  ratio (ratio of local diversity to global diversity)—measuring the percentage of individual to population level diversity. Our analyses suggest: ( i ) The diversity scaling parameter ( z ) is rather resilient against the diseases as indicated by the lack of significant differences between the healthy and diseased treatments. ( ii ) The potential maximal accrual diversity ( D   max  ) is less resilient and may vary between the healthy and diseased groups or between different body sites. ( iii ) The  LGD  ratio of bacterial communities is much smaller than for viral communities, and relates to the comparatively greater heterogeneity between local vs. global diversity levels found for bacterial-biomes.

Inter-Individual Diversity Scaling Analysis of the Human Virome With Classic Diversity-Area Relationship (DAR) Modeling