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A novel valine-based isocyanonaphthalene ( NpI ) was designed and synthesized by using an easy method and enabled the selective fluorescence detection of Hg 2+ . The chemodosimeter can display an immediate turn-on fluorescence response (500-fold) towards target metal ions upon the Hg 2+ -mediated conversion of isocyano to amino within  NpI . Based on this specific reaction, the fluorescence-enhancement probe revealed a high sensitivity toward Hg 2+  over other common metal ions and exhibited excellent aqueous solubility, good antijamming capability, high sensitivity (detection limit: 14.2 nM), and real-time detection. The response mechanism of  NpI  was supported by NMR spectroscopy, MS analysis and DFT theoretical calculation using various techniques. Moreover, a dipeptidomimetic  NpI  probe was successfully applied to visualize intracellular Hg 2+  in living cells and monitor Hg 2+  in real water samples with good recoveries and small relative standard deviations.

Design and Synthesis of Dipeptidomimetic Isocyanonaphthalene as Enhanced-Fluorescent Chemodosimeter for Sensing Mercury Ion and Living Cells