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Objective: To find out the prevalence of retinal findings in pediatric cerebral malaria cases and their correlation, if any, with the final disease outcome. Material and method: The fundi of all pediatric cerebral malaria cases admitted at a tertiary care center in east India over a period of 15 months were examined by direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy for the presence of retinal signs of cerebral malaria, which include retinal hemorrhage, papilledema, vessel discoloration and retinal whitening. The patients were treated for malaria and final disease outcome was documented Result: Almost half of the cases of pediatric cerebral malaria had the presence of retinal signs. These were associated with poorer disease outcome and increased mortality. Among specific signs retinal hemorrhage had maximum association with increased mortality while retinal whitening didn’t have any significant association with mortality Conclusion: The presence of retinal signs in cerebral malaria is a significant predictor of prolonged coma and death. Thus the physician can decide which cases demand more aggressive treatment just by looking at their fundus.

Prevalence and prognostic significance of retinal findings in pediatric cerebral malaria cases at a Tertiary Care Centre in eastern India