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Unilateral pulmonary artery hypoplasia occurs due to an embryologic developmental failure in the bud of the sixth aortic arch (1-3). Unilateral pulmonary artery hypoplasia is frequently associated with cardiovascular anomalies (3), but unilateral pulmonary artery hypoplasia without a cardiovascular anomaly is called ‘isolated’ unilateral pulmonary artery hypoplasia and this entity is much less common (2, 4). Common presentations include shortness of breath, recurrent pulmonary infections, and hemoptysis (5); however, some patients are asymptomatic. Due to the nonspecific nature of the symptoms and imaging findings, it is easy to misdiagnose lung parenchymal change induced by unilateral pulmonary artery hypoplasia as other lung parenchymal diseases or pneumonia. There are only a few reports focusing on the radiologic findings in the pulmonary parenchyma, such as parenchymal bands caused by unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis (6). Therefore, this report describes the computed tomography (CT) findings in the pulmonary parenchyma due to isolated unilateral pulmonary artery hypoplasia.

Isolated Unilateral Pulmonary Artery Hypoplasia with Accompanying Pulmonary Parenchymal Findings on CT: A Case Report