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Isolated acute nontraumatic cortical subarachnoid hemorrhages (cSAHs), also called convexal subarachnoid hemorrhages and convexity subarachnoid hemorrhages, are rare cases of bleeding in the subarachnoid space. They are localized to the convexities of the brain, usually several cortical sulci, without involving the brain parenchyma or extending into the interhemispheric fissures, basal cisterns, or ventricles. Unlike conventional subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAHs), rupture of the intracranial arterial aneurysm may not induce a cSAH. Various etiologies are described, such as cerebral venous thrombosis, posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome (PRES), reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), coagulopathy, vasculitidis, vascular malformations such as pial arteriovenous malformations, dural arteriovenous fistulas, cavernomas, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), brain abscesses, atherosclerotic carotid disease, and primary and secondary brain neoplasms (1-14). Kumar et al. (1) suggested two main etiologic groups including cSAH patients < 60 years old presenting with thunderclap headaches that are ascribed to RCVS; and, cSAH patients > 60 years old presenting with transient focal symptoms and frequently exhibiting features suggestive of CAA under imaging methods (1, 14). However, the ischemic stroke, especially the cerebral infarction or vasculopathy of extraand intracranial arteries, such as high-grade stenosis, is not considered a common Isolated Acute Nontraumatic Cortical Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Etiologies Based on MRI Findings     :