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A scimitar syndrome (SS) is a rare congenital anomaly with effects most often noted on the right side of the body. This syndrome is characterized by a partial or complete anomalous pulmonary venous return to the inferior vena cava (IVC), which used to be referred to as the “Scimitar vein” (1). SS has been associated with a variety of potential anomalies including hypoplasia of the pulmonary artery, systemic arterial blood supply to the affected lobe from the descending aorta, dextrocardia, pulmonary sequestration, and persistent left superior vena cava (2). In addition to these anomalies, SS can be accompanied by a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), however, this is extremely rare. The chest computed tomography (CT) scan is considered to be one of the most accurate, noninvasive diagnostic methods for SS and its various associated anomalies. However, conventional CT scans, especially in infants, are limited by the patient’s respiration and cardiac motion. Here, we present a case of a newborn infant with SS and associated H-type TEF diagnosed by using electrocardiography (ECG)-gated chest CT with detailed image descriptions.

A Case of Scimitar Syndrome with H-Type Tracheoesophageal Fistula and Multiple Anomalies: Diagnosis Using Electrocardiography-Gated Chest CT