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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between an accessory renal artery (ARA) and the renal axis seen on radiographs. Materials and Methods: The MDCT axial images of 428 patients were used to detect the presence of an ARA and its location. The plain radiographs were used to measure the renal axis angle, which was the angle between the longitudinal spinal axis and the renal axis. We correlated these results to determine the association between an ARA and the renal axis. Results: Of the 856 kidneys (428 patients), 19 kidneys had an ARA in the upper pole, 63 kidneys had an ARA in the hilum and 20 kidneys had an ARA in the lower pole. The mean renal axis angles of these three groups were 16.7 degrees, 15.9 degrees and 11.2 degrees respectively. The mean renal axis angle without an ARA was 16.8 degrees. The renal axis angles with an ARA in the upper pole or hilum showed no significant differences compared to those without an ARA. However, the renal axis angle with an ARA in the lower pole was significantly smaller than those without an ARA. Conclusion: On plain radiographs, the axis of kidneys with an ARA in the lower pole maybe more vertical than those without an ARA.

Radiologic Evaluation of the Renal Axis in Patients with an Accessory Renal Artery