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The purpose of this study included: To investigate the correlation of active / traditional procrastination motivation, dependent personality and social loafing phenomenon, also clarify whether such passive procrastinators like traditional ones with similar motive and test of active / passive procrastinators with different dependent personality and social loafing phenomenon. Explore the relation of group task assignment with social loafing phenomenon. Control group task assignment to compare the social loafing phenomenon variety of active / passive procrastinators with the high / low task visibility. The subjects sampled 221 elementary students. The research tools include procrastination behavior scale, active procrastination scale, traditional procrastination scale, task visibility scale, dependent personality scale, social loafing phenomenon scale and statistical analysis by structural equation model, multi-group analysis, t-test, and ANOVA. The results were: the model of active and passive procrastinator did not have a significant difference. Active procrastinators had higher pressure preference, ability to deadline, and intent to delay than passive procrastinators, but with a similar degree of antipathy task and fear of failure and with the passive procrastinators. Passive procrastinators with the low visibility of the task resulted in higher social loafing phenomenon instead of active procrastinators. Implications for theory, practice and research are discussed.

Procrastination, Dependence and Social Loafing: Comparison in High/Low Task Visibility between Active/Passive Procrastinators