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EECP is not a new invention. In fact, the basic theory & techniques of counterpulsation developed more than 50 years ago by researchers at Harvard University & Massachusetts General Hospital USA. In 1953, Kantrowitz and Kantrowitz1 described diastolic augmentation as a means of improving coronary blood flow. Birtwell et al did pioneering work toward the development of this technique and were first to apply this concept by developing the initial arterial counterpulsator in the U.S. Zheng et al were the first to report the benefits of external counterpulsation in the 1980s by using the first pneumatic counterpulsation device. Lawson et al at the State University of New York, Stony Brook, undertook a number of open label studies with the enhanced system, EECP, between 1989 and 1998 using both objective and subjective end points. 2-5,7 In 1999, Arora et al 6 reported results of the first double-blind randomized placebo-controlled multicenter trial (MUST-EECP). Since then, EECP therapy has emerged as a safe, highly beneficial, low cost, non-invasive treatment of refractory angina patients & now for heart failure patients as well.

Is Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP) A- Last Resort Treatment of Refractory Angina?

Is Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP) A- Last Resort Treatment of Refractory Angina?