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GC-MS analysis of essential oil of Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. leaf revealed the presence of 50 components, contributing to 99.07% of the oil. The dominant components in the oil from leaves were borneol (33.22%), caryophyllene (8.24%), ledol (7.12%), tetracyclo[6,3,2,0,(2.5).0(1,8) tridecan-9-ol, 4,4-dimethyl (5.18%), phytol(4.63%), caryophyllene oxide(4.07%), guaiol (3.44%), thujopsene-13 (4.42%), dimethoxydurene (3.59%) and γ-eudesmol (3.18%). Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. (Syn. Conyza balsamifera L.) locally known as Kukur Sunga belongs to the family Asteraceae. It is a remarkable medicinal plant that grows wild in India to Southern China and throughout Southeast Asia (Perry 1980). The leaves are applied to the forehead to relieve headache. An infusion is used as a bath for women in childbirth. The decoction of the leaves and roots are used against fever and stomach pain (Ahmad and Ismail 2003). In Philippines, the plant is used as diuretic in hypertension and for dissolution of kidney stones. (Santos 1981). In our continued efforts at identifying medicinal plants with analgesic and antipyretic property and establishing scientific evidence in support of their activity, the acclaimed potency of the leaves of B. balsamifera against pain and fever stimulated our interest to screen the leaves extract of the plant. It’s leaves also reported to have antifungal, antibacterial, antifebrile and anodyne properties (Ragasa et al. 2005, Asolkar et al. 1992). The leaves also prescribed in the treatment of coryza, fever, influenza, cough and dyspepsia (Amornchai et al. 1997a,b). Aqueous extract is used in food/drinks; as a perfume/incense; as a source of tannin (Perry 1980). B. balsamifera is high in essential oils, and contains significant amounts of camphor oil. The leaves of B. balsamifera are also used as a tea in the Philippines, and as a cure for colds. The essential oil from the leaves contains L-borneol, D-camphor and cineol (Amornchai et al. 1997a,b). Leaves contain 2 quercetin derives (Asolkar et al. 1992). Nijsiri et al. (1985) reported, cryptomeridiol from B. balsamifera. Essential oil contains levorotatory borneol, cineole, limonene, and palmitic and myristic acids; sesquiterpene alcohol, dimethyl ether; pyrocatechic tannin; glycoside and levorotatory camphor (Perry 1980). GC-mass spectral analysis of volatile oil determined the presence of sequiterpenoidal compounds (Morallo-Rejesus et al. 1990). B. balsamifera is a rare species distributed in hilly regions of moist evergreen forests in Bangladesh and has not been previously investigated. Hence, the chemical composition of oils from leaves of B. balsamifera are investigated. Fresh leaves of Blumea balsamifera were collected from the plants grown in the campus of BCSIR Laboratories, Chittagong during October, 2008. One-voucher specimen (Y-307) was deposited in the herbarium of BCSIR Laboratories, Chittagong. The fresh leaves of Blumea balsamifera were cut into small pieces and subjected to hydrodistillation method using Clevenger’s apparatus for 4 hrs. The oil was extracted with diethyl ether and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate prior to analysis. The oil yield from leaves was 0.40%.

Chemical components in volatile oil from <i>Blumea balsamifera</i> (L.) DC.