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In this study, a trial aims to decrease side effects and increase the efficacy of 5FU was established through active targeting of folate receptor overexpressing cancer cells using bovine serum albumin as a nanocarrier and folic acid as a targeting ligand. Physical characterization of size, potential, and polydispersity index (PDI) was performed, and (265.45 nm) particles with (31.1 mV) potential and (0.072) PDI were produced. For evaluation of the efficacy of the suggested formulation against the free form of the 5FU, a cytotoxic assay was performed on (Caco2, MCF7), a human colon cancer cell line, and a human breast cancer cell line, respectively, with different folate receptor-expressing features. MTT, NR & ATP assays were used, and all showed higher significant efficacy and a lower side effect of the formulation. Biochemical analysis of oxidative stress biomarker {Malonaldehyde (MDA)}, antioxidants biomarkers {Glutathione reductase (GR), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx)}, and a detoxifying enzyme {Glutathione transferase (GST)} was carried out along with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) gene. The results confirmed the cytotoxicity assay results. These results give new hope for using 5FU in a more effective and safe way in treatment.

Preparation and Characterization of Folate Decorated 5-Fluro Uracil Loaded Albumin Nanoparticles and In vitro Evaluation of its Cytotoxic Effect