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In the usual life cycle, ingestion of improperly cooked pork with cysts leads to the entry of tapeworm in the intestine of carriers. The tapeworm is highly infectious and stools of taenia carriers may contain several proglottids in a day with each proglottid containing upto 30,000 infectious eggs. In places lacking appropriate sanitation, pigs access and ingest these contaminated stools, become infected with tapeworm eggs, and develop cystic larvae in their flesh and other tissues (porcine cysticercosis). However, humans are exposed to tapeworm eggs by microscopic fecal contamination, resulting in cysticercosis and not by ingesting pig meat containing cysts. Thus, in noncysticercosis endemic regions, humans can still develop cysticercosis by infection from Taenia carriers as well as by autoinfection by fecal–oral route [1-4]. Tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted through droplet infection to children from sputum Acid Fast Bacilli -positive patients only, while Neurocysticercosis (NCC) in a child can result from transmission through fecal–oral route from other family members who are Taenia carriers or through autoinfection as well if child is a Taenia carrier. Moreover, due to common food handler at home or commercial place (eating joint, raw food supplier, etc.) from which food is procured by family members, clustering of cases of taeniasis and/or NCC is quite possible. Similar to screening for TB of family members of index pediatric TB case, screening family members for taeniasis may prove beneficial in children with NCC if clustering of NCC cases is seen in family members. Based on the aforementioned hypothesis, the present study was planned to determine the prevalence of NCC among asymptomatic siblings of children with NCC and taeniasis in family members of children with NCC. However, unlike the practice of routine screening of asymptomatic family members of pediatric TB patients with chest X-ray which poses radiation hazard, screening of asymptomatic siblings of children with NCC with MRI posing no radiation hazard was carried out in the present study. To the best of our knowledge, no study reporting on radiological screening of asymptomatic siblings of children with NCC has been published till date. ABSTRACT

RADIOLOGICAL SCREENING FOR NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS IN ASYMPTOMATIC SIBLINGS OF CHILDREN WITH NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS: AN OBSERVATIONAL COHORT STUDY