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The three-dimensional velocity field in the single phase approach flow to a multiple layer woven forming fabric was measured using PIV. The measurements were conducted on a scaled-up model of a forming fabric in a water/glycerin flow loop. Each strand on the paper side of the model forming fabric had a filament diameter ( d) of 1 5 mm, and the flow loop test section was 3 1 0 mm squared, permitting the measurement of detailed velocity distributions over multiple strands of the fabric. The flow speed in the loop test section was varied to achieve screen Reynolds numbers between 12 and 6 5 . PIV measurements showed that when the distance t o the paper side of the fabric changes from 0.25d to 1 . 5d, the normalized ZD, CMD and MD velocity deviation decreases from 1 9 .7% to 4 .2%, 1 5 . 3 % to 1 .9% and 1 4 . 5 % t o 2 . 3 %, respectively; the ratio between maximum and minimum ZD velocity decreases from 3 .3 to 1 .2 . These findings indicate that the flow non-uniformity caused by the fabric weave is confined to a short distance above the fabric. CFD simulations of the same flow were consistent with the PIV measurements.

PAPER PHYSICS. PIV measurements of flow through forming fabrics