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vi Chapter 1. Dissertation Organization 1 Chapter 2. Introduction to Organic Solar Cells (OSCs) 3 Brief history to OSCs 3 Brief introduction to π conjugated materials 5 Working principles and common parameters 10 Device Structure of OSCs 21 Fabrication methods 27 Applications of OSCs 28 References 30 Chapter 3. Introduction to Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) 36 Brief history of OLED technology 36 Basic OLED photophysics and operation 39 Phosphorescent OLEDs (PHOLEDs) 40 References 45 Chapter 4. Simple routes for improving polythiophene:fullerene-based Organic Solar Cells 51

Modifying the organic/electrode interface in Organic Solar Cells (OSCs) and improving the efficiency of solution-processed phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)