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Conflict resolution is not just about ending violence, but how to build peace afterwards. Taking a case study in Langsa, this study presents an overview of how the conflict in Aceh has been transformed. It then proposes a framework that allows conflict parties to reconcile or even transform injustices to build peace in a non-violent way. In Aceh case, the peace agreement between the Government of Indonesia (RI) and Aceh Free Movement (GAM) is limited to the termination of armed conflict. Moreover, there has been a shift from the vertical between "Aceh" and "Jakarta" becoming horizontal, between Acehnese people (Aceh GAM and Aceh RI). This shift indicates that the Helsinki MOU still leaves social integration issues that will be potential to fuel the next conflict. The comprehensive conflict resolution still takes time due to constraints such as ethnic sentiment and differences expectations of Acehnese towards peace.

Conflict Resolution after the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU): Case Study of Langsa, Aceh Province, Indonesia