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The purposes of this study are 1) to find out the instrument of politeness in the language used by teachers in the learning process using language politeness theory and 2) to discover the level of validity and reliability of the developed instrument of politeness in the language used by teachers in the learning process. The method used in this study was research and development (R&D) approach. Through this approach, the instrument was developed to be used to measure the politeness in the language used by teachers to communicate with students during the learning process. The respondents in this study were elementary school teachers who were both civil servants and non-civil servants in Makassar. The number of respondents was 400 teachers. The instrument validation was carried out by material experts, measurement experts, and linguists (expert judgment). The type of test validity used was corrected item-total correlation, and the reliability was measured using the Cronbach alpha method. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that the developed instrument of politeness in the language used by teachers in the learning process consists of 6 politeness maxims, namely the modesty maxim, the agreement maxim, the generosity maxim, the sympathy maxim, the approbation maxim, and the tact maxim. The six politeness maxims are predicted to be able to measure the level of the teachers’ politeness used in the learning process. It is evident from the results of the instrument testing which shows that the instrument has met the standards of both content validity and constructed validity. In addition, the developed instrument has also met reliability standards. Keywords—language politeness, instruments, validity, reliability, communication

The Development of The Instrument of Politeness in The Language Used by Teachers in The Learning Process