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Based on the career development stages, adolescents are in an exploratory stage to determine the next career path, whether choosing a profession, or a study program in a university. However, there are still many adolescents who feel confused in choosing college majors. This phenomenon indicates that students still have low self-efficacy in their career decisions. With low self-efficacy, high school students may make wrong decisions in choosing their college major. For adolescents, parental involvement in career exploration can significantly reduce doubt in making career choices. Not only parental involvement but also internal factors such as a proactive personality are needed in the career decision-making process. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of parental involvement, proactive personality, and gender on career decision self-efficacy among high school students. The career decision self-efficacy scale short form, parent career behavior checklist, and proactive personality scale were administered to 758 Indonesian high school students in Jabodetabek. Multiple regression and t-test were used for data analysis. Results showed that career decision selfefficacy among high school students is significantly influenced by parental involvement and proactive personality. Based on results of comparison, effects of parental involvement, and proactive personality more significantly affect female than male students.

Effects of Parental Involvement, Proactive Personality, and Gender on Career Decision Self-Efficacy Among High School Student