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In recent year, there has been a growing interest in the field of misbehaviors. Meanwhile, one of the concepts that attracted the attention of organizational experts is workplace incivility. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of workplace incivility on the unproductive behaviors of hospital staff. Accordingly, the present study sought to reduce the scientific gap between the processes of workplace incivility behavior and to help managers avoid such behaviors, thereby enhancing citizenship behaviors, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization and avoid the direct and indirect devastating effects of this phenomenon on the organization. Materials & Methods: This descriptivecorrelational study was conducted on 344 employees of hospitals in Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran, in 2017. The participants were selected from the study population of 3224 employees using simple random sampling technique. The study instruments were workplace Incivility Behavior, Selfmonitoring, Locus of Control, Compulsory Citizenship Behavior, Anti-Citizenship Behavior, and Counterproductive workplace behavior scales whose validity and validity was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and content validity. The data were analyzed using PLS software and tested by structural equation method (SEM) in terms of confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis testing parts. Findings: The results of the research show that workplace incivility behaviors affect the non-productive behaviors of the staff positively and significantly (t>1.96). In this regard, the variables of Compulsory Citizenship Behavior and anti-citizen behavior play a mediating role (t>1.96). Moreover, the moderating role of locus of control and self-monitoring was negatively significant (t>1.96; β<0). Discussion & Conclusions: Considering the destructive effects of incivility on the organization, it is necessary to consider transparent and precise management measures, improvement of the working environment, and the necessary training regarding hospital staff behavior.

Orkplace Incivility Consequences: A Model for Hospital Environment