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Introduction: Diabetes induces leakage of hepatic enzymes from cytosol into the circulation and increases the plasma levels of these enzymes. In this study, the impacts of ginger (Zingiber Officinale) aqueous extract on the levels of liver enzymes, biochemical parameters, and histological changes in male rats were assessed following induction of diabetes by Streptozotocin. Materials & methods: 42 male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: the control (left untreated), Diabetic control received 70 mg/kg Streptozotocin once at the beginning of the experiment; the experimental groups 1 and 2 daily received 250 and 500 mg/kg ginger aqueous extract respectively; the experimental groups 3 and 4 first received Streptozotocin once, and then a daily dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg extract. Oral administration of aqueous extract continued over a period of two months. 48 hours after the last administration blood samples were prepared and used for measurement of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and the serum levels of albumin and total protein. Also, hepatic histological study was carried out by hematoxylin-eosin staining method. Findings: The serum levels of AST, ALT, and ALK enzymes in diabetic control group (recipient of 70mg/kg Streptozotocin) and the AST enzyme concentration in experimental group 2 (recipient of 500 mg/kg Ginger extract alone) increased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.05). In contrast, the levels of ALT and ALP enzymes declined significantly in experimental group 1 (recipient of 250mg/kg extract alone) relative to the control p (< 0.05). Serum concentrations of total protein and albumin reduced significantly in the experimental group 2 in comparison with the control group. Also, In experimental groups 3 and 4 (recipient of 250 and 500 mg/kg Ginger extract and Streptozotocin) relative to the diabetic control group, the levels of AST , ALT and ALP indicated a significant reduction, while the concentration of total proteins increased significantly in experimental Group 3 (p < 0.05). Finally, histological study revealed cellular necrosis, cellular inflammation, and vacuolar fat accumulation, disintegration of Portal spaces and formation of large intercellular spaces in diabetic control relative to the control group. Such disorders were less significant in groups receiving Streptozotocin along with 500mg/kg doses of extract compared to the group receiving Streptozotocin alone. Discussion & conclusions: Due to the presence of compounds such as gingerol, shoagol, and anthocyanins, ginger aqueous extract can possibly reduce hepatic toxicity caused by Streptozotocin and improve the serum levels of liver enzymes.

Effects of aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale on lipid profiles in rat subjected to streptozotocin