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O metodo da Analise Fatorial em Componentes Principais e dos Agrupamentos Hierarquicos foram utilizados para determinar os padroes principais de variabilidade temporal e espacial, assim como identificacao dos grupos homogeneos, da precipitacao no Estado do Para. Para isso utilizaram-se dados mensais de 72 postos pluviometricos distribuidos no Estado do Para. As tres primeiras Componentes Principais explicaram 92,91% da variância total dos dados mensais de precipitacao. O Primeiro padrao espacial definiu areas de chuva que sao influenciadas pela atuacao da Zona de Convergencia Intertropical (ZCIT). O segundo padrao espacial esta associado a sistemas transientes ou ate mesmo da Zona de Convergencia do Atlântico Sul que favorecem as chuvas na regiao no final da primavera e no inicio do verao austral. Ja o terceiro padrao espacial evidencia a influencia da atuacao da ZCIT, das linhas de instabilidade e da conveccao local. Identificaram-se e caracterizaram-se tres regioes homogeneas (RH-1, RH-2 e RH-3) em relacao a variabilidade sazonal de precipitacao no Estado do Para. A RH-1 ocupa as porcoes noroeste-nordeste do Estado com maior volume pluviometrico, a RH-2 esta situada na regiao central do Para e a RH-3 localizada no sudoeste-sudeste do Estado com menor indice pluviometrico. A B S T R A C T The methods of the Principal Component Factor Analysis and the Hierarchical Cluster were used to determine the mains patterns of temporal and spatial variability, as well as to identify homogeneous groups, of rainfall in the State of Para. For this the data for 72 rainfall posts were used, where were distributed in the State of Para. The first three Principal Component explained 92.91% of the total variance of monthly rainfall data. The first spatial pattern defined rainfall areas that are influenced by the influence of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The second spatial pattern is associated with transient systems or even South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) that favors rainfall in the region in the late spring and early summer austral. The third spatial pattern shows the influence by ITCZ activity, squall lines and local convection. This study identified and characterized three homogeneous regions (HR-1, HR-2 and HR-3 ) in relation to the seasonal variability of precipitation in the State of Para. The RH-1 occupies the northwest and northeast portions of the state with the largest volume rainfall , the RH- 2 is located in the central region of Para and RH- 3 located in the southwest - southeast of the state with lower rainfall. Keywords: Para, Precipitation, Principal Components Analysis (PCA)

revista brasileira de geografia física

Variabilidade da Precipitação no Estado do Pará por meio de Análise em Componentes Principais (Variability of Rainfall in the State of Pará through Principal Component Analysis)