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O objetivo do presente trabalho e estimar e analisar indices de deteccao e monitoramento de mudancas climaticas, decorrentes da precipitacao diaria, para o Estado de Pernambuco, verificar sua possivel dependencia das anomalias de temperatura da superficie do mar e examinar suas influencias sobre a dinâmica da vegetacao, medida pelo Indice de Vegetacao por Diferencas Normalizadas (IVDN), e variabilidade do clima, estimada pelo Indice Inverso de Aridez de Budyko (IIAB) anual. Para isso utilizou-se dados de precipitacao totais diarios de 26 localidades, anomalias de TSM para o periodo de 1964 a 2006, IVDN mensais de 1982 a 2001 e estimativa de temperaturas do ar media, maxima e minima. Observou-se um decaimento da precipitacao total anual, da intensidade simples diaria da precipitacao, dos dias consecutivos umidos, dos dias com chuva superior a 20mm/dia e inferior a 50mm/dia, e aumento dos dias consecutivos secos. Verificou-se que, alem do total anual de precipitacao, o numero de dias consecutivos secos, numero de dias no ano com chuvas acima de 10mm/dia e intensidade simples diaria de precipitacao sao dependentes dos padroes de anomalias de TSM nos Oceanos Pacifico Equatorial e Atlântico Tropical. O IVDN e influenciado pela precipitacao total e pelo numero de dias com chuvas superiores a 10mm/dia, principalmente no Alto Sertao do Estado. O indice inverso de aridez de Budyko e dependente das configuracoes das anomalias de TSM dos Oceanos Pacifico Equatorial e Atlântico Tropical Norte, e exerce influencia sobre o IVDN.    A B S T R A C T The objectives of the present work are: to compute and to analyze climate extreme indexes for monitoring and detecting climate change, for the state of Pernambuco; to verify the possible dependence of the extreme indexes of the anomalies of the sea surface temperature and to examine the influences of the extreme indexes on the dynamics of the vegetation, measured by NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), and climate variability, evaluated for IIAB (Aridity Inverse Index of Budyko) annual. It was used precipitation diaries data from 26 meteorological stations, anomalies of SST for the period from 1964 to 2006, monthly NDVI from 1982 to 2001 and the mean, maxima and minima air temperature. It was observed a decline of the annual total precipitation, precipitation simple daily intensity index, consecutive wet days and days with superior rains to 20mm/day and inferior to 50mm/day. And it was verified an increase of the consecutive dry days. It was verified that the annual total of precipitation, number of consecutive dry days, number of days in the year with rains above 10mm/day and precipitation simple daily intensity index are dependent of the SST anomalies patterns on the Equatorial Pacific and Tropical Atlantic Oceans. NDVI is influenced by the total precipitation and for the number of days with superior rains to 10mm/day, mainly on the Sertao of the State. Aridity inverse index of Budyko is dependent of the SST anomalies configurations on the Equatorial Pacific and Northern Tropical Atlantic Oceans, and it exercises influence on NDVI.  Keywords: climate, climatic changes, semiarid, coast.

revista brasileira de geografia física

Detecção de Mudanças Climáticas Através de Índices Pluviométricos Diários no Estado de Pernambuco (Detection of Climate Change Through Daily rainfall in the State of Pernambuco)