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Control of disease causing organisms through the use of natural antagonistics has emerged as a promising alternative in the field of medical science and secondary metabolites from microorganisms are most promising in this context (Mohseni et al., 2013; Amin et al., 2015). Bacterial secondary metabolites are one of the adaptation mechanisms, which give advantage in competition for available nutrients and living space. Secondary metabolites are highly diverse in relation with structure and only some species can produce them (Karlovsky, 2008). They also serve as competitive weapons against other organisms, as metal transporting agents, as sexual hormones and as differentiation effectors (Demain and Fang, 2000). These metabolites have various applications in human activities, such as medicine, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, food processing, chemical industries and many others (Alekseevna et al., 2012). Bacillus species from family Bacillacese is one of the major bacteria having potential to produce secondary metabolite. They are gram-positive, endospore forming, chemohetrotropic rods usually motile with peritrichous flagella, aerobic and catalase positive (Waites et al., 2008). Endospores produced by Bacillus species are highly resistant to unfavourable environment conditions (Claus and Berkeley, 1986). Different secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, antifungals and siderophores are produced by these bacteria (Sansinenea and Ortiz, 2011). Antibiotics like bacitracin, pumulin and gramicidin are one of the major secondary metabolites produced by Bacillus species (Waites et al., 2008). Many gram positive organisms such as Staphylococci, Streptococci, Anaerobic cocci, Corneybacter and Clostridia were inhibited by Bacitracin produced from Bacillus licheniformis (Mc Evoy, 1993; Biswas et al., 2016). Gramicidin is produced by Bacillus brevis, which is a linear polypeptide antibiotic mixture of gramicidin A, B, C and D (Waites et al., 2008; Abdulkadir and Waliyu, 2012). Iturins are antifungal antibiotics produced by Bacillus subtilis (Peypoux et al., 1986; Eshita et al., 1995; Tamehiro et al., 2002). Bacillus species such as B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens may dedicate up to 8% of their genetic equipment to the synthesis of a wide array of antimicrobial compounds (Chen et al., 2009; Rückert et al., 2011; Cawoy et al., 2014). Keeping in view of this perspective, the objective of present study was to isolate Bacillus species from cow dung having ability to produce bioactive compounds.

Evaluation of Antagonistic Activities of Bacillus Spp. against Certain Bacteria of Medical Importance