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Main sources of energy are classified into three significant batches such as fossil fuels, nuclear sources and renewable ones [1], in which fossil fuels and nuclear ones known as non-renewable sources of energy involve a massive quota energy uses all around the world [2]. Carbon dioxide emission, global warming and atmospheric contamination are the main drastic disadvantages of non-renewable energy consumption by the people, which negatively influence whole the environment [3]. As a piece persuasive solution to the energy crisis, tremendous efforts have been done by huge number of scientists by turning the eyes into consumption of renewable sources of energy rather than non-renewable ones [4]. Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) as the main type of Fuel Cells (FCs) can apply active microorganisms as biocatalysts instead of those metal ones in an anaerobic anode part for bioelectricity production [5,6]. By an overall view, MFCs consist of a cathode and an anode compartments separated by a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Figure 1, in which electrons as protons in anode compartment are produced by oxidizing of organic matters with the help of biocatalysts [7].

MFC-Based Biosensors Known as an Integrated and Self-Powered System