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Magendie (1840) stated that some parts of the walls of the alveolar blood capillaris are exposed to the air in the alveolar spaces. The great majority of investigators, however, accepted generally the view of Kölliker (1880-1881) and others, that the alveolar wall of the human lung is composed of the socalled " respiratory epithelium" i. e. the non-nucleated plaques and the nucleated small cuboidal cells. After K011iker's report, there has been disagreement of opinion among histologists, regarding the presence of the non-nucleated plaques. Oppel (1905) denied strongly the presence of the non-nucleated plaques. This question remanins to be answered. Recently Seemann (1931), Loosli (1935) and Clara (1936) held that the presence of alveolar epithelium is discontinuous, that isolated cells without any processus or groups of these cells are seen within the mesh of alveolar capillaries, and that the capillaries are denuded everywhere. In Japan, A k az a k i (1942), Hozaka (1942), Baba (1947) and Sh imai (1950) agree with these authors. In this paper, Shimai and Tamar u describe the results of the observations upon the structure of the pulmonary alveolar walls of human adults, particularly about the nature of the walls of the alveolar blood capillaries.

A Contribution to the Histological Study of the Alveoli of the Human Lung