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Fungivorous insects are serious hazard as potential contaminants in food. This study investigated fungi and their mycotoxins isolated from fungivorous insects (minute brown scavenger beetles [Latridiidae]) captured in a building located in Chiba, Narashino. We trapped 18 insects (heads) and isolated 780 colonies of fungi from them, which we classified into 3 genera: Penicillium (90.1%), Aspergillus (7.7%), Cladosporium (1.0%) and others (1.2%). The population of these fungi reflected that of fungi isolated from the environment inhabited by the insects. In the genus Aspergillus, sterigmatocystin and cyclopiazonic acid were detected by a simultaneous detection system of liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry when the isolates were cultured in medium. These findings strongly suggest that Latridiidae are not only a physical but also a microbial hazard as a vector for the spread of mycotoxin-producing fungi in factories for food products and the storage of cereals. The contamination of food industrial factories and cereal storage areas by insects is a major problem threatening food safety management. Pest control programs are therefore a necessity at such sites. These pests have been known to be carriers of microbes, including fungi. The infestation of fungivorous insects is a particularly serious issue, since they have spores on their body surface and in their digestive tract1). The minute brown scavenger beetle (Latridiidae, Fig. 1) has a small size (1-3 mm) and an elongated oval body2). Most of the species are flightless and inhabit damp environments and storage areas for food products, where the insects spread fungal spores and contaminate stored food3),4). They have been reported to feed on fungi in the subdivisions Zygomycotina, Ascomycotina and Deuteromycotina3),5),6),7). In some latridiid species it has been reported that their food preference is the genus Penicillium, but in most of latridiid species the preference fungi is still unknown8). In Japan, the beetle has been found in clean rooms for sterile pharmaceutical products and the storage of cereals1),9), and Tani and Itou9) reported that the beetles carried 102–103 fungal spores in their bodies. Kawakami and Takahashi1) found that the Aspergillus ochraceus strains isolated from the Cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne), a fungivorous insect, produced high levels of ochratoxin A. However, no study has described the fungi isolated from Latridiidae in Japan and their potential ability to produce mycotoxins. Therefore, in the present study, we surveyed fungi from Fig. 1 Latridiidae captured by a trap.

maikotokishin

Isolation of fungi from a fungivorous insect, the minute brown scavenger beetle (&lt;i&gt;Latridiidae&lt;/i&gt;), and their potential ability for mycotoxin production