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Determining the strength of rock mass is the key to the stability analysis and support design of underground engineering, which is affected by groundwater and softening characteristics of different lithology. Taking the red sandstone under the dry and saturated state as the research object, the uniaxial and triaxial compressive tests on RMT (rock mechanics test) device were carried out, the strength and deformation difference of the dry and saturated red sandstone were analyzed. Results show that the saturated red sandstone displays the strength degradation and softening effect under uniaxial compressive test and lower confining pressure conditions, and which shows the linear elastic weaken characteristics. When the confining pressure is greater than 20 MPa, the strength degradation and softening effect tend to a certain value. The uniaxial compressive strength degradation rate is 1.92 times of that under high confining pressure. The degradation of cohesion of the saturated red sandstone is obvious, but the degradation of the internal friction angle is little. The saturated red sandstone reduces its brittleness, makes the fracture surface regular, and the fracture angle is generally smaller than that under the dry state. Taking 30 MPa as the turning confining pressure, the polyline strength criterion was established, and the three-dimension strength criterion of the red sandstone under the dry and saturated state was constructed. The obtained conclusions in the study can provide the reference to the similar engineering.

Strength Characteristics and Empirical Criterion of Dry and Saturated Sandstone Subjected to Compression Test