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It has been suggested by several investigators that eicosapentaentaenoic acid (C20: 5 w3, EPA) might have anti-thrombotic action. Effect of oral administration of EPA rich fish oil concentrate on platelet aggregation and tha release and metabolism of [1-14C] arachidonic acid and [(U)-14C] eicosapentaenoic acid by human platelet was studied. Eight healthy male subjects ingested 18 capsules of fish oil concentrate (EPA 1. 4 g) per day for 4 weeks. Plasma and platelet concentration of EPA were markedly increased, while those of arachidonic acid (C20: 4 w6, AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22 : 6 w3, DHA) did not change. Platelet aggregation induced by collagen and threshold dose of ADP was reduced. Collagen induced thromboxane B2 (TXB2) formation from [14C] AA labeled platelets was decreased. There was no detectable formation of TXB3 from [14C] EPA labeled platelets, and the conversion of exogenous [14C] EPA to [14C] TXB3 was quite lower than that of [14C] AA to [14C] TXB2. No significant inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase was observed. The release of [14C] AA from [14C] AA labeled platelets by collagen was significantly decreased. Present observations suggest that an inhibitory effect of EPA on platelet aggregation might be partially explained by the impairment of AA release from platelet membrane phospholipids.

Effect of the oral administration of fish oil concentrate on prostaglandin metabolism by human platelet