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Cataract surgery is practiced worldwide. Objective: To determine the postoperative results of visual acuity, endothelial cell loss and posterior capsule opacity between two cataract surgery techniques. Type of Study: Randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial (ECCE), in patients with cataract, with an 18-month follow-up. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, amblyopia and glaucoma. Elimination Criteria: Patients that required a change in the surgical technique or that did not complete follow up. Sample Size: 75 patients according to Peduzzi and Frank studies. Bioethical Considerations: Study approved by the Research and Bioethics Institutional Committee. Following the Helsinki, Code of Nuremberg and General Law of Health guidelines, all the patients signed an informed consent form. Data are described with measures of central tendency, dispersion and proportions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t, ANOVA and linear regression tests. Results: 57 patients were included: 35 women and 22 men, 26 diabetics and 8 with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 34 patients were treated with manual small incision (MSI) and 23 with phacoemulsification (PHACO). The average age group was 70.4 and 67.9 years, respectively. Visual acuity and posterior capsule opacification were statistically significant for both techniques. A decrease in endothelial cell count was observed for the two techniques, but a greater change in the keratometry axis was present in IMP. In addition, endothelial polymorphism and corneal pachymetry were increased in FACO. Conclusion: MSI is not inferior to PHACO.

Comparative study between surgical techniques (manual small incision versus phacoemulsification) for cataract surgery