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The mouse inoculation test (MIT) is the standard biological test for rabies recommended since long time ago by the World Health Organization consisting in isolation and amplification of the virus by inoculating litters of mice of about three days from being born.1 The use of breastfed animals was established due to their higher susceptibility, since their immune system is not fully developed.1 Currently, for animals welfare, international organizations have recommended gradually abandoning the use mice and restrict research activities to the use of cell cultures. However the MIT is still common practice, since in addition to isolating and increasing viral titers, it allows reproducing Koch’s postulates. In Mexico, canine rabies vaccination campaigns have been successful and, since 2005, no cases of dog-transmitted human rabies have been recorded. From 2000 to 2018, there were 52 cases of human rabies, out of which 48 (92 %) were transmitted by wild animals (mainly chiropters and mustelids) and only four (8 %) by dogs (Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference, unpublished data). This makes necessary to continue studying the permanence and dissemination of Rabies Virus (RV). In wildlife, intraand interspecies fights, community grooming, sharing food by regurgitation and the secretion of aerosols appear to be routes of dissemination for the virus. The purpose of this investigation was to verify whether litter-to-mother contagion could be a means of viral spread when performing the MIT with several samples of a historical bank, for which purpose the period of maternal observation was extended (to up to 60 days). Abstract

Rabies virus litter-to-mother vertical transmission, a phenomenon that could preserve the virus in wildlife reservoirs