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Increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and associated global warming had been predicted in many papers. In order to reveal the effects of global change on CO2 and energy budgets between the atmosphere and agricultural plant canopy, a mechanistic simulation model in soybean canopy was applied.The model was based on the NEO Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Model (Kanda and Hino, 1990) and had been specified for soybean canopy using measured data (Harazono et al., 1996). The present model was improved by incorporating the biochemical sub-model on photosynthesis presented by Farquhar et al. (1980), in which leaves responded physiologically with daily changes of CO2 concentration and micrometeorological conditions.Numerical experiments were conducted for three different conditions, higher temperature (present+2°C), higher CO2 concentration (present+200ppm) and both higher temperature and CO2 (+2°C and +200ppm) conditions. Under the higher temperature condition, canopy photosynthesis decreased because of water stress and an increase in plant respiration, while under the higher CO2 concentration condition, canopy photosynthesis increased by more than 50% compared to present. Stomatal closure by higher CO2 reduced the effect of water stress, and an increase of both temperature and CO2 concentration enhanced canopy photosynthesis by about 30% compared to present. The decline of RuBPCase activity by higher CO2 did not much affect canopy photosynthesis, since photosynthesis in most leaves except for the top leaves were limited by RuBP regeneration rate.Evapotranspiration increased under higher temperature condition resulting in lower water use efficiency (WUE), while WUE under higher CO2 increased by the stomatal closure. WUE remained almost unchanged under 2°C higher temperature and 200ppm higher CO2 concentration. However, it was suggested that WUE should change extensively, depending on the degree of the CO2 increase and global warming.

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Analysis of the CO2 Budget in a Soybean Canopy under the Estimated Global Warming Conditions by Numerical Simulation with the NEO Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Model.