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Six perennial Macaronesian species are recognized in  Bubonium  J. Hill emend. Briq.: the Cape Verdian  B. daltonii  (Webb) T. Halvorsen, with two subspecies, ssp.  daltonii  and ssp.  vogelii  (Webb) T. Halvorsen, and  B. smithii  (Webb) T. Halvorsen; and the Canarian  B. intermedium  (DC.) T. Halvorsen &amp; Wikl.,  B. graveolens  (Forssk.) Maire, with two subspecies, ssp.  odorum  (Schousb.) Wikl. and ssp.  stenophyllum  (Link) T. Halvorsen,  B. schultzii  (Balle) Sventenius and  B. sericeum  (L.f.) T. Halvorsen &amp; Wikl. Four Mediterranean annuals are superficially treated for Macaronesia:  B. aquaticum  (L.) Hill,  Asteriscus maritimus  (L.) Less.,  A. hierochunticus  (Michon) Wikl., and  A. spinosus  (L.) Sch. Bip. A key to the Macaronesian  Bubonium  species is provided. The chromosome number n=7 is reported for all the  Bubonium  species in Macaronesia; in  B. graveolens  ssp.  odorum, B. daltonii  ssp.  vogelii,  and  B. smithii  for the first time. The chromosome number n=6 is confirmed for  Asteriscus maritimus.  The self fertile annuals are not cross compatible with the other species. Among the predominantly self incompatible perennials internal barriers to gene exchange are weak. Only  B. schultzii  seems genetically isolated. Between the other perennials the crossability is complete and hybrid fertility high between species from the same archipelago, but reduced between species from different archipelagos. The present occurrence of the Canarian species  B. sericeum  and  B. intermedium  and the Cape Verdean  B. daltonii  and  B. smithii  seems relict. These frutescent endemics probably belong to an old element in the Macaronesian flora.

The perennial Macaronesian species of Bubonium (Compositae - Inuleae).