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This paper offers a comprehensive contrastive analysis of English and Czech reporting clauses (frames). To that end a corpus was assembled consisting of three Czech, and three English fiction samples, together with their translations. A number of aspects were scrutinized, including the position of the frames, the subjects featured, the word order, type of verbs employed, syntactic patterns displayed, involvement of optional modification, etc. The results seem to suggest, among other things, that analytic English tends tofeature explicit subjects, the prosodically more prominent among them causing inversion typically, itfrequently displays the crucial SVOpattern, as a rule employs the dicendi verbs, primarily to say, and usually avoids optional syntactic modification. Conversely, Czech, as a synthetic language, gives preference to implicit subjects, exhibits in frames a variety of verbs, both dicendi and other classes, and apart from them, frequently incorporates in frames additional clause constituents. Thus, compared to English, Czech appears to integrate theframesfar more smoothly in the narrative, gives a fuller picture of the reported speech situation, encoding more of its elements and in this way it strives to shape more conspicuously the processing of direct speech, taking greater control over the recipient’s reception compared to the English original, and simultaneously taking over some interpretative burden from the recipient. Conversely, English appears to treat the frames as more or less automatic, parenthetical units, clearly set off from the narrative, biasing the recipient’s processing to a minimum, though inviting much more interpretative and evaluative effort.

Framing Direct Speech: Reporting Clauses In A Contrastive Study