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Granulosa cells play an important role in follicle development, maturation, and atresia. They are a cellular source of the two most important ovarian steroids, namely, estradiol and progesterone and are also crucial for bidirectional communication with the oocyte, thus being involved in the regulation of its growth, development and function. Growing body of evidence suggests that granulosa cells cultured  in vitro  display stemness and transdifferentiation potential. Together with the fact that they can be easily collected during IVF procedures, these properties of GCs may be of particular interest for both regenerative medicine and transplantology. Establishment of  in vitro  cell culture and its thorough characterization, including molecular, is crucial for future potential utilization of human granulosa cells in design of engineered tissue grafts or cell-based therapies, in particular targeted at female infertility. Nevertheless, the transcriptomic alterations which may occur during  in vitro  culture of granulosa cells are still largely uncharacterized. The aim of this study was to examine expression changes of three genes encoding histone demethylases which serve as transcription coactivators in short term  in vitro  cell culture of human granulosa cells. The study groups consisted of 14 patients, aged 18–40 years undergoing  in vitro  fertilization (IVF). Expression level assessment was performed after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, 120 h, 144 h and 168 h of  in vitro  primary cell culture utilizing RT-qPCR technique. Upregulation of  PHF2  expression in all time points of the culture was observed, whereas the tendency of  JHDM1D  and  PHF8  was mainly to decrease in expression level. Further study on a larger population would be required in order to confirm the presented tendencies. Running title:  Expression pattern of selected histone demethylases in human granulosa cells

Histone demethylases JHDM1D, PHF2 and PHF8 expression pattern in granulosa cells obtained from patients undergoing IVF procedure during short-term IVC