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In medium and high capacity transformers where current rating is high and the number of turns is low, the low voltage (LV) winding is generally of the helical type. These helical windings have very large magnitudes of electromagnetic forces during a short circuit. This is due to the inherent asymmetry of helical structure. The objective of this work is to use the finite element method to compute the radial and axial components of short circuit forces and identify areas of high stresses in the windings. This can be used to find the likely reason of transformer failure during a short circuit. For this work, a 3-phase power distribution transformer of 11kV/433V, 630kVA rating is considered. The effect on short circuit forces of the tapping in the center of HV winding is also studied.

Analyzing Short Circuit Forces in Transformer for Double Layer Helical LV Winding using FEM