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Background: Nephropathy is a major cause of illness and death of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), Diabetic nephropathy has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease; kidney failure that requires a lifetime of dialysis. It develops in about 2040% of Type 2 Diabetes patients. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and to determine risk factors for, diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetes patients attending endocrinology clinics at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Teaching Hospital. Subjects and methods: The study design was observational prospective longitudinal follow-up study, for a study period of one year (1st January 2008 till 31st December 2008), the study was conducted with sample of one thousand and seventy seven type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatient recruited via attended the diabetes clinics at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) in Kelantan. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent variables that affect the development of nephropathy. Results: Mean age of type 2 diabetes outpatients in the present study was 58.3 years and duration of diabetes was 11 years. The prevalence of nephropathy was 90.7%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that being female (OR = 9.15; 95% CI = 4.4318.89; p < 0.001), having a high creatinine clearance at first visit (OR = 1.18; 95% CI = 0.87-1.50; p < 0.001), and having a high triglyceride at fourth visit (OR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.51-4.75; p = 0.001), were significantly associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusion: The prevalence of nephropathy is very high. The three main variables affecting the development of diabetic nephropathy were gender, triglyceride and creatinine clearance. Triglyceride and creatinine clearance were two modifiable risk factors for development of diabetic nephropathy. It is important for all diabetic patients to be screened for the triglyceride and creatinine clearance and get appropriate medications.

A Study Evaluating the Prevalence of Nephropathy among Type 2 Diabetes Patients Attending a Teaching Hospital in Malaysia