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Background: Despite the availability of effective treatment, over half of the patients being treated for hypertension drop out of care entirely within a year of diagnosis. Adherence to antihypertensive medication is an effective step for controlling blood pressure and preventing complications. This study is aimed to assess medication adherence and associated factors in the management of hypertension in Shashemene Referral Hospital, South Ethiopia. Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess medication adherence and associated factors among 197 hypertensive patients on treatments at Shashemene Referral Hospital. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants from the study population. Sociodemographic data, medication adherence, factors affecting adherence were collected using a structured questionnaire and an 8-item Morisky medication adherence scale. The collected data were processed and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Chi-square was used to determine the association between the level of medication adherence and socio-demographic characteristics of hypertensive patients at a 5% (p < 0.05) level of significance. Results: Among 197 respondents 123 (62.6%) were males and the mean age was 47 ± 13 years. From a total of 197 study participants, 125 (63.5%) of respondents were adherent to their prescribed medication and the rest were non-adherents. Factors such as occupation (p = 0.033), and source of medical service or treatments (p = 0.037), were associated with antihypertensive medication adherence. Moreover, there is a significant association between adherence and blood pressure control (p = 0, p < 0.05). Among study subjects with uncontrolled blood pressure, 50 (25.5%) respondents had low adherence to antihypertensive medications, and the remaining subjects 31 (15.7%), 13 (6.7%) had medium adherence, and high adherence respectively. Conclusions: More than half of the study participants were found to be adherent to their treatments according to the 8-item Morisky medication adherence scale. Occupational status and source of medical service or treatments were the most common factors associated with antihypertensive medication adherence. Moreover, the status of blood pressure control was significantly associated with the pattern of adherence.

Medication Adherence and Associated Factors in Management of Hypertension in Shashemene Referral Hospital, Ethiopia