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P r e ec l a m ps i a , hellp s y n d r o m e a nd g e s t a ti on a l d i a b e t e s a r e qu it e c o mm on c o m p li ca ti on i n p re g n a n cy . I n t h i s s t u d y , i t i s a im e d t o c o m p ar e t he t h i c kn e s s of b a s a l l a min a and vascular structure of u m b ili ca l c o r d. b y c o m p a r i ng p r e e c l a m ps i a , hellp s y nd r o m e , g e s t a ti on a l d i a b e t e s and no r m a l p r e g n a nt wo m e n. I n t he s t u d y , s a np l e s w e r e t a k e n fr om pos t p a r ti um u m b ili ca l c o r ds o f no r m a l p r e g n a nt wo m e n , p reec l a m ps i a , g e s t a ti o n a l d i a b e t e s a nd p r e g n a nt wo m e n d i a g nos e d w it h hellp s y n d r o m e . U m b li ca l c o r d s a m p l e s t a k e n du r i n g m a t e r n i t y , f o ll ow e d b y r ou ti ne p ar a f f i n t h r o u g h f i x i ng 1 0% n e u t r a l f o r m a li n. I n t h i s p erf o r m e d a s t o t a l l y s i x t y f ac t s t h r o u g h t a k i ng f i f t ee n u m b ili ca l c o r ds fr om e ac h o f f our g r oups, H e m a t o x y li n e-e os i n, M a ss o n t r i c h r o m , periodic ac i d S c h i f f , a nd t o l u i d i ne b l ue s t a i n w e r e a pp li e d on t o t he s er i a l h i s t o l o g i ca l s e c ti ons ob t a i n e d fr om p a r a f f i n b l o c k s. The ob t a i n e d slides w er e e v a l u a t e d w it h Z e i ss I m a g e r 2 M i cr os c ope b y t a k i n g mi c r o g r a phs. Mo r pho m e t r i c m ea su re m e n t s w e r e s t a ti s ti ca l l y a n a l y z e d w i t h SP S S so f t w are . I n ca s e s of g e s t a ti on a l d i a b e t e s due t o i n crea s e d c o ll a g e n p r odu c t i on, t h i c k e n i ng a nd e x ce ss i ve n arr o w i ng of t he l u m e n a nd d i f f e re n ti a ti on of W h ar t on j e ll y w e r e obs er v e d in t he u m b ili ca l ar t e r y . D i f f e r e n ti a ti ons ar e ob s er v e d i n t he v ac uo li z a ti on of s m oo t h m us c l e ce ll s a nd m us c l e f i b er s t h a t m a ke up t h e m e d i a w h il e ca m b e r a nd d a m a ge a r e ob s er v e d i n e ndo t h e li a l . The m ost s i g n i f i ca nt s t r u c t u ra l c h a n g e s of p re e c l a m p ti c p lacenta s a r e ob t a i n e d a s t he t h i c k e n i ng a nd t he e ndo t h e li a l i n j u r y . I n t h e u m b ili ca l c o r d ar t e r y m e d i a l l a y e r , due t o t he g r o w t h of c o ll a g e n f i b e r . I n H E L L P ca s e s d ue t o t he i n crea se i n m e d i a d i f f use e d e m a b e t w ee n muscle fibers a nd i n c o ll a g e n, t he t h i c k e n i n g of u m b ili ca l a r t e r y w a l l a nd t he n arr ow i n g of l u mi n a l a r e s ee n a s e x t re m e l y s i g n i f i c a n t . Ano t h e r s t r i k i ng s y m p t om w it h H E LL P ca s e s i s t he ob s e r v i ng o f i n t ra m us c u l a r he m o rr h a g e s i n t h e u m b ili c a l ar t e r y w a l l a s a n un a tt a i n e d ca se i n p re e c l a m ps i a a nd g e s t a ti on a l d i a b e t e s. I n m ost of t he c a s e s, d i f fe r e n ti a ti on i n W h ar t on j e l l y , m e t a p l a st i c c h a n g e s i n t he a m n i o ti c e p it h e li um a nd t h i c k e n i ng of t he b a s a l l a mi na ar e observed .

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE UMBILICAL CORD IN COMPLİCATED PREGNANCIES