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With the purpose to use biogas in an internal combustion engine with high   compression ratio and in order to get a high output thermal efficiency, this   investigation used a diesel engine with a maximum output power 8.5 kW, which   was converted to spark ignition mode to use it with gaseous fuels. Three   fuels were used: Simulated biogas, biogas enriched with 25% and 50% methane   by volume. After conversion, the output power of the engine decreased by   17.64% when using only biogas, where 7 kW was the new maximum output power   of the engine. The compression ratio was kept at 15.5:1, and knocking did   not occur during engine operation. Output thermal efficiency operating the   engine in SI mode with biogas enriched with 50% methane was almost the same   compared with the engine running in diesel-biogas dual mode at full load and   was greater at part loads. The dependence of the diesel pilot was eliminated   when biogas was used in the engine converted in SI mode. The optimum   condition of experiment for the engine without knocking was using biogas   enriched with 50% methane, with 12 degrees of spark timing advance and   equivalence ratio of 0.95, larger output powers and higher values of methane   concentration lead the engine to knock operation. The presence of CO2 allows   operating engines at high compression ratios with normal combustion   conditions. Emissions of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and unburnt   methane all in g/kWh decreased when the biogas was enriched with 50%   methane

Spark ignition engine performance and emissions in a high compression engine using biogas and methane mixtures without knock occurrence