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Optimum configurations of a finned annulus with longitudinal fins of   triangular cross-section have been investigated numerically for the   enhancement of overall (hydraulic and thermal) performance so that optimum   use of energy and saving of cost may be achieved. A steady, laminar and   incompressible flow is considered in the fully-developed region of the finned   annulus subjected to the thermal boundary condition of constant heat transfer   rate per unit axial length. Optimization has been carried out by using   genetic algorithm. Finite element method is employed to perform the numerical   simulation of the flow and provide function values to the optimizer. Using   surface flow area goodness factor as the objective function, various optimum   configurations have been proposed depending on practical and industrial   requirements. A comparison of the present optimum configurations has been   carried out with those based on the Nusselt number as an objective function.   The results indicate that the present objective function gives, in many   cases, cost- and weight-efficient optimum configurations with considerable   reduction in pressure loss and provides optimum use of energy along with   saving of the cost. Relative performance measures recommend the use of at   least 18 fins to have trade off between the gain in heat transfer coefficient   and loss in the pressure gradient

Optimum configurations of annulus with triangular fins for laminar convection