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Modern agriculture, breeding procedures, as well as competition among   breeding institutions contribute to further reduction of already narrowed   diversity of soybean commercial varieties. The objective of the study was to   characterize eighteen soybean cultivars from three different breeding   programs for agro-morphological traits and to reveal genetic diversity using   molecular markers. Morphological description was performed with 13   qualitative and 9 quantitative traits. The genetic relationships were   estimated using 21 RAPD markers. PIC was calculated for RAPD data, while the   diversity of qualitative traits was described by Shannon genetic diversity   index. Cluster analysis based on qualitative morphological characters showed   clear separation of genotypes on the basis of their plant growth type. PC   analysis performed for quantitative traits divided genotypes according to   their maturity group. Grouping pattern based on molecular marker data was in   agreement with pedigree of cultivars. A great similarity was found, primarily   between the varieties under the same institution, and then among all examined   varieties. Comparison of three methods in the assessment of diversity   indicated that morphological markers might provide useful information in   breeding process and allow classification by pedigree to some extent, but   RAPD markers were found to be superior in assessing differences among   genetically very similar genotypes. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike   Srbije, br. TR-31068

Genetic relatedness of soybean genotypes based on agromorphological traits and RAPD markers