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Research on circadian rhythms has been hampered by the lack of a suitable rodent model with diurnal habits. The goal of this study was to characterize the parameters of photic entrainment of the circadian system of the Nile grass rat, a small rodent that can potentially serve as a model for the study of circadian rhythms in diurnal animals. The state of the circadian system was accessed through the rhythm of running-wheel activity and manipulated by photic stimulation (white light). The results indicated that the grass rat exhibits a robust rhythm of running-wheel activity with a mean free-running period of 23.9 hours (range: 23.6 to 24.3 hours). The animal is clearly diurnal and starts activity daily approximately 50 minutes before lights-on under an L12:D12 light-dark cycle. Its photic phase-response curve shows a dead zone during most of subjective day, a phase delay region during early subjective night (maximal delay: 1.5 hours), and a phase advance region during late subjective night (maximal advance: 2.2 hours). When exposed to constant illumination, the grass rat exhibits longer circadian periods as the intensity of illumination increases, with a ceiling between 100 and 1,000 lux. Finally, its range of entrainment extends from at least 23.0 to 25.0 hours (from 22.0 to 25.5 in some animals).

Parameters of photic resetting of the circadian system of a durnal rodent, the nile grass rat