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Background: Degenerative Disease of the Lumbosacral spine is a leading cause of back ache and radiculopathy with significant medical and socioeconomic importance. Its pathogenesis represents a biomechanically related continuum of temporally evolving alterations which are identifiable on various imaging modalities. Due to its excellent soft tissue contrast, multiplanar capabilities and non-ionizing nature MRI is indispensable for detailed morphological evaluation of all components of the Functional Spinal Unit (FSU). It facilitates optimal assessment of the burden of disease thereby guiding prognostication as well as subsequent therapy and rehabilitation. Materials and methods: This study is a retrospective cross-sectional observational study whereby MRI findings ascribed to Degenerative Disease of the Lumbosacral Spine were analysed in 100 patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 51 years ± 14 years with Male: Female ratio of 1.9:1. The L4-L5 intervertebral disc was the most frequently as well as most severely involved level irrespective of age and gender of the study subjects. Disc degeneration was the commonest manifestation seen (100%) followed by nerve root compression (74%), spinal canal stenosis (67%), disc herniation (64%), facetal arthropathy (41%), bulging discs (38%), ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (34%) and Modic endplate degenerative changes (31%) in decreasing order of frequency. Conclusion: MRI is the modality of choice for evaluation of Degenerative Disease of the Lumbosacral Spine and allows most precise assessment of central spinal canal stenosis. It is hence recommended as mandatory in the radiological work up of all patients with the chief complaint of low back pain irrespective of the presence or absence of radiculopathy and / or neurological deficit.

international journal of orthopaedics sciences

Magnetic resonance imaging spectrum of degenerative disease of the lumbosacral spine: a single institution retrospective cross-sectional observational study