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Many communication applications the antenna with smaller size, less weight and high efficiency is in demand. Monopole antenna able to process the wideband application and light weight. However, monopole antenna has the low return loss that affects the efficiency of the antenna. Fractal shapes has been applied in the monopole antenna to increase the return loss and efficiency. In this research, the Microstrip Minkowski Patch Antenna (MMPA) is proposed to increase the efficiency of monopole antenna. Minkowski Iteration Fractal antenna technique is applied to optimize the design in iterative manner for bandwidth and frequency tuning for wideband applications. The experimental evaluation shows that the proposed MMPA method has the higher bandwidth and more stable gain compared to the other fractal antennas. The return loss of the proposed MMPA’s second iteration is -21.38 dB at 3.2 GHz and base design has -30.37 dB at 3.6 GHz. Additionally, the MMPA is compared with existing Koch fractal antenna in terms of patch dimension and return loss. The patch dimension of the MMPA is 25×20 mm^2, it is less when compared to the Koch fractal antenna.

Design of Minkowski Fractal Iteration in Monopole Patch Antenna