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Syringomyelia (SM) is characterised by fluid filled cavities in the spinal cord. A classic sign of severe SM is a tendency to scratch towards one shoulder referred to as “phantom scratching”. Stimulation of neck skin induces a rhythmic scratching action of the ipsilateral limb. Although easy to describe, the mechanism behind this action is less easy to elucidate. A popular explanation is that the dogs experience alloknesis (itch evoked by lightly touching the surrounding skin) or paraesthesia (a spontaneous or evoked sensation). However if affected dogs experience unusual sensations why do they make little or no skin contact? SM phantom scratching is similar to fictive scratch which develops a few months after transection of the caudal cervical spinal cord. In fictive scratch, stimulation of a skin receptive field results in a reflex scratching action due to hyperactivity of the scratching central pattern generator (CPG) i.e. neural circuits controlling a stereotyped sequence of muscle contractions. The similarity to fictive scratch suggests commonality of neural pathways. In this project we investigate the neuroanatomical site that relates to phantom scratching. We first investigate the hypothesis that phenomenon of phantom scratching is associated with a large dorsolateral syrinx in the upper cervical spinal cord segments. We then looked for

Scratching that itch – elucidating the spinal cord injury which causes reflex “phantom” scratching in canine syringomyelia