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Redox states of cytochromes, a(a,), b, and c+c,, were recorded simultaneously and continuously in the perfused bullfrog brain with the aid of a scanning spectrophotometer. The tip of the light guide of a spectrophotometer was placed on the surface of cerebral hemispheres. Continuous perfusion with a Ca-deficient solution induced immediate marked reduction of cytochromes without any additional procedure in some preparations. In other preparations, the cytochrome reduction induced by the Ca-deficient solution was observed after the procedure of reversible osmotic opening of the blood-brain barrier. Continuous perfusion with solution containing high KCl also induced immediate reduction of cytochromes. The results show that decrease in Ca or increase in K in the blood vessels of the brain acts on the respiratory chain in mitochondria of cells in the cerebral hemispheres to induce immediate reduction of cytochromes. The reduction induced by these changes in ionic environments does not appear to be due to hypoxia.

biomedical research

&lt;b&gt;MARKED REDUCTION OF THE CYTOCHROMES INDUCED IN BULLFROG BRAIN BY PERFUSING WITH A CALCIUMDEFICIENT OR A HIGH POTASSIUM &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;SOLUTION &lt;/b&gt;