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Background : CD4+cell counts and HIV RNA levels are prognostic indicators of HIV disease progression but in developing countries their use is limited due to cost and technology constraints. So there is a need to identify alternate prognostic markers of immunosuppression. Recent studies have suggested that low levels of serum albumin are associated with rapid disease progression and AIDS associated mortality independent of CD4+ cell counts and HIV RNA titer. This study aims at establishing role of serum albumin level as a surrogate marker in HIV / AIDS patients as compared to CD4+cell counts. Objective of the Study: To monitor and follow up the levels of serum albumin and absolute CD4+ cell counts in HIV infected individuals and assess their correlation as a marker of immunosuppression. Methods: This prospective follow up case study included 100 HIV/AIDS patients with duration of study being 18 months. Descriptive and Analytical Statistics were done to find correlation of albumin with CD4+ T lymphocyte count in HIV/AIDS patients. Results: Age distribution showed maximum number of cases between 31-40 years of age and 41 – 50 years (32%). Males constituted 54% of cases while females constituted 46% of cases. Study subjects were divided into social classes with most common being class 4 ( upper lower)(55%). Most common presenting complaint of patients in this study was fever (35%) Albumin showed a direct correlation with CD4 count both at baseline (p<0.001) and during follow up (p<0.001) in cases. Such correlation was absent in the controls both at baseline and follow up. Regression analysis showed linear trend between albumin and CD4 count (p=0.01) Conclusion: There was a strong direct correlation between CD4 count and albumin in cases both at baseline and follow up and regression analysis showed significant linear trend indicating that albumin could be used as a surrogate marker for immunosuppression in HIV/AIDS patients.

Role of serum albumin level compared to CD4 cell count as a marker of immunosuppression in HIV/AIDS patients